Wind Power :: essays papers

Wind Power The breeze turbine, additionally called a windmill, is a methods for bridling the dynamic vitality of the breeze and changing over it into electrical vitality. This is cultivated by turning edges called aerofoils, which drive a pole, which drive an engine (turbine) and ar e associated with a generator. It is assessed that the all out force limit of winds encompassing the earth is 1 x 1011 Gigawatts (Cheremisinoff 6). The all out vitality of the breezes varies from year to year. Windmill master Richard Hills said that the twist truly is a whimsical wellspring of intensity, with wind rates to low or conflicting for the windmill to be of functional use. In any case, that hasn't halted windmill engineers from attempting. Today, there are numerous sorts of windmills, some of which serve differen t capacities. They are a complex elective vitality source. What to consider when fabricating a windmill In picking where to manufacture a windmill, there are numerous significant variables to consider. First is the area: 1) Available breeze vitality is typically higher close to the seacoast or shores of extremely huge lakes and seaward islands. 2) Available breeze vitality is quality convention high in the focal fields area of the U.S. as a result of the wide spans of level (low surface harshness) territory. 3) Available breeze vitality is commonly low all through the Southeastern U.S. aside from certain slopes in the Appalachian and Blue Rid ge Mountains, the North Carolina coast, and the Southern tip of Florida. This is a result of the impact of the Bermuda high pressure framework, which is a factor particularly throughout the late spring. Likewise essential to consider is the breeze where you are going to manufacture: 1) the mean breeze speed (determined my cubing the midpoints and taking the mean of the blocks) and its occasional varieties. 2) The likelihood dissemination of wind speed and of outrageous wi nds. The mean breeze speed must be sufficiently high, and the conveyance must be with the goal that all the information focuses are fundamentally the same as. 3) The tallness variety of wind speed and wind course. Wind can't be excessively high or excessively low in connection to the ground or it is too hard to even think about harnessing. 4) The windiness of the breeze field in both speed and course. Breezy breezes enormously influence the force yield of the windmills and are typically hurtful. 5) The breeze heading appropriation and likelihood of abrupt enormous moves in di rection. The breeze must be improbable to out of nowhere move heading.

The War on Democracy Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The War on Democracy - Movie Review Example The media declared Chavez’s renunciation albeit no such move had been made. On the morning of twelfth April 2002, Pedro Comino, a specialist, was confirmed as the new President with no decisions. The American media and White House spokespersons upheld the counter Chavez picture. Be that as it may, the Venezuelan masses took unpleasantly to the new plutocratic government. Enormous individuals fights followed and a huge number of Venezuelans encompassed the presidential royal residence. With the people’s support, the Presidential Guard retook the presidential royal residence once more. Chavez sees the 2002 upset d’ã ©tat as the basic analysis of vote based system where the poor masses rampaged so as to shield Chavez and democracy.The US government thought about the overthrow as well as upheld the upset through incognito financing under the umbrella of U. S. Help and the National Endowment for Democracy. Around 2 million dollars were dispersed so as to make the ove rthrow a triumph. The Venezuelan circumstance clarifies that the legislature of the United States ensures its enthusiasm at the expense of everything else. Latin American legislative issues was and has been the United States driven. Moves in Washington to ensure American interests on the South American landmass, the Central American locale and the Caribbean are irrefutable. The United States has profited by the modest oil, gas and other mineral riches from these areas yet the individuals of these locales have endured unquestionably. The rising destitution levels, the crowds of individuals living underneath the neediness line. also, the domineering governments upheld by the United States have all exacerbated things. The interruption of the United States government in Latin American political undertakings isn't new using any and all means. The CIA expelled the Albeniz government in Guatemala in the fifties. The CIA and against government groups ran a hard and fast political and milita ry battle to expel and banish the President. After the ouster, U. S. VP Richard Nixon flew into Guatemala to praise the new tyrant. This is similar to the Espionage exercises redirected against Cuba not long after Castro’s upset. The four and a half decades long financial war against Cuba by the United States is certain. The standard individuals in Cuba have endured more than the Castro

How To Make Money As A Writer

How To Make Money As A Writer Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How To Make Money As A WriterUpdated On 03/01/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : BloggingShort URL : https://hbb.me/2CJ1eIU CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSo â€" you want to become a professional writer. Great! Becoming a paid writer isn’t easy, but it indeed isn’t as difficult as you may think. There are numerous ways you can make money as a writer in the comfort of your own home when you know how to, and having completed some UK essays, making money as a writer is a walk in the park. From starting a blog to promoting your work and services to grow your social media presence to build a strong online presence you can use to advertise your brand, here are some effective ways you can make money as a writer for free.Start A BlogA fantastic way to make money as a writer is by starting a blog. As well as acting as an online portfolio, a blog is an effective way to prac tice your writing skills and give you confidence. In fact, a blog is great for anybody who wants to start a business. Luckily for you, starting a blog is easy. All you need to do is choose your CMS (Content Management System), whether it is WordPress, Blogger or another blog building website, and start writing! It really is as simple as that, and with a good online social media presence, you’ll be making money as a writer in no time at all.The Power Of Social MediaYou will more than likely already be aware of the power of social media and how it has benefited businesses across the globe, and with the correct use of social media, you can grow your business too! Growing your social media presence is paramount to make money as a writer because you can advertise your service and previous work on your page for all to see. While many people are scared by social media, there is nothing to be worried about, and, in fact, it has helped grow small businesses beyond belief. To create a stron g social media presence, start with two social media platforms, such as Twitter and LinkedIn. These two platforms are likely to gain you the most work, and once you have grown your first two channels, you can begin to think about expanding your online social presence!READTips to Blog About Unpopular Topics in an Interesting WayFreelanceAnother great way to make money as a writer is to freelance. You might already be a writer in a full-time job, but to make more money, freelancing is an effective way to ensure you have extra cash in your pocket each month. One of the main advantages of being a freelancer is that you are able to work at a time that suits you, wherever you want. Plus, as a freelancer, you will have far more control over clients and jobs alike so you can wave goodbye to clients you don’t mesh well with and accept those that you have a genuine interest in pursuing.Create SamplesTo make money as a writer, we suggest you create samples of your work that relate to your ni che topics. Not only is this a great way to advertise your writing skills online, but potential clients can find your work with ease should they want to connect. Also, by creating samples, you can determine what work you find more enjoyable to write so you won’t be left stuck for words when it comes to writing about a topic you lack knowledge about.There are several ways you can make money as a writer. From making a blog to growing your social media presence to gain authority and prove your worth as a writer, the competition is tough, but with the right resources and tools, you never know where your freelancing business may take you. Don’t give up!

The Opium Problem Of China During The Nineteenth Century...

The opium problem in China during the nineteenth century was primarily viewed as an issue created by foreign traders bringing opium into their empire. Zhu Zun and Xu Naiji wrote memoranda in 1863 elucidating their diverging view to the government on how to combat the issue of opium use and trade. Xu advocated for the relaxing of anti-opium laws as a means of reducing illegal smuggling, while Zhu contends that more stringent enforcement of anti-opium laws is the preferable policy, which Commissioner Lin supports in his edict to foreign traders. Xu’s memorandum advocates for the government allowing opium to be brought into China by foreign traders as a taxable good as the best way to combat the opium problem. Xu views strict laws against opium as ineffectual for tackling the drug problem in China, noting in the first paragraph that, â€Å"the more severe the interdicts against [opium] are made, the more widely do the evils arising therefrom spread† (Xu page 1). While he acknowledges the addictive and destructive effects of opium on those who use it, Xu believes that the stricter the laws proscribing the dissemination and use of opium, the more widely used the drug becomes. Xu argues that the prohibitions against the opium trade led to increased smuggling by foreign traders and increased use of the drug across China. Conversely, when the state’s policy towards opium was one of leniency, in which opium was allowed into China and taxed as a medicine, the issues involving opium wereShow MoreRelatedChinese Im migration Of The United States985 Words   |  4 PagesChinese Immigration to the United States in the nineteenth century until 1870 was shaped by a combination of factors including internal political turmoil and financial instability throughout China, growing western Imperial and economic influences in South East Asia, China s deepening trade deficit with European nations, and industrial and technological innovations. Concurrently, the rising demand for inexpensive labour during the California Gold Rush, (1848-1858) development of national railwayRead MoreGovernment s Singularity Of Power1660 Words   |  7 Pagesleaders, the late Qing emperors in the nineteenth century were weak in the sense that they lacked the abilities to effectively control the military, which led to the unstable government. In the summer of 1831, Empress Xiaoquancheng bore emperor Daoguang a son named Xianfeng. At age of 19 and was a relatively young, emperor Xianfeng received the throne, which made him th e 9th Emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and the 7th Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1850 to 1861. Shortly after emperorRead MoreThe Cannabis Debate2270 Words   |  9 Pagestheir predecessors had good reasons for arriving at their assessment of Cannabis, and are therefore reluctant to change the existing status. Yet Cannabis prohibition emerged from debates and legislation directed at Opium. The view subscribed by David Musto that Cannabis was introduced during a period of drug intolerance allows for a more integral understanding of how Cannabis found its way into prohibition. Cannabis is the standard name for hemp which is an adaptive and highly successfulRead MoreThe Domestic Price Of Silver956 Words   |  4 PagesChina, while under the Qing dynasty and was being ruled by the Manchus, they lost in the Opium Wars. As the wars led China into financial crisis, corruption led to various forms of protests and reform movements and eventually to the rise of the nationalism, which put an end to the last dynasty. One of the causes of the corruption was the opium trade. There were two most important official concerns about the trade. According to Harry, â€Å"one was the damage done to the health and capacity for work ofRead MoreThe Far Reaching Effects of Imperialism1323 Words   |  5 PagesWith the dawn of the Industrial Age near the beginning of the nineteenth century also came with the rise of nationalism, or the belief that a country’s way of life was superior to others. Nationalistic ideologies, born in the coal ovens of Industry, soon gave way to systems of imperialism that would quickly take hold in other parts of the world. For the purposes of this essay, can be broadly defined as a symbiotic relationship between an industrialized state and an agrarian state in which the industrializedRead MoreChina And The Western Struggle1139 Words   |  5 Pages China and the Western Struggle China, the creator of tea and silk went through a period where they had troubles with the west. This took place in the early nineteenth century. During this time china still thinks that they are the middle Kingdom (The center of the world). Great Britain has wanted to expand for years and get trade from other countries. China has not wanted to trade with Britain. China has not wanted to trade because of they are self sufficiece. China has been living by ConfucianRead MoreThe Fall of the Qing Dynasty1687 Words   |  7 PagesDynasty prospered well into the 20th century despite the numerous problems the administration faced. However, during the early days of the 20th century, civil disorders continued to grow in such unmanageable factions that the administration was pushed to do something about it. The high living standards of the previous century had contributed to a sharp increase in China’s population, there was approximately 400 million people living in China around the nin eteenth century. This spike increased populationRead MoreEssay on Opium (Papaver somniferum)1317 Words   |  6 PagesOpium (Papaver somniferum) The opium poppy has been used as a medicinal plant for centuries all over the world. The opium poppy plant belongs to the Papaveraceae family. The scientific name of the opium poppy is Papaver somniferum L., and it is native to Turkey. The plant has lobed leaves, milky sap and four to six petaled flowers with several stamens surrounding the ovary. The two sepals drop off when the petals unfold. The ovary then develops into a short, many seeded capsule that opens in dryRead MoreReview: For All the Tea in China1430 Words   |  6 PagesFor all the Tea in China by Sarah Rose reviewed by Brooke Gschwind â€Å"For all the Tea in China -How England Stole the World s Favorite Drink and Changed History † as the subtitle foreshadows the story already. Before I had even read the book I assumed it would be a journey of betrayal, action and only closed off to the events that occur re s as Robert Fortune underhandedly takes china s precious tea right from underneath they re own noses. But little did I know that it SarahRead MoreJapan / China Response Towards Western Penetration Essay1317 Words   |  6 PagesArianna Goff Dunnavant Per. 4 APWH 3-8-12 Japan / china response towards western penetration Although China and japan are similar when it comes to cultural independence, japan however, was interested in technological advancements influenced by the westerners causing interaction, while china stayed isolated causing a power shift, meaning Europeans were able to gain power and control over most of Asia and Africa during the nineteenth century. For 250 years, japan stayed isolated and independent

Psychology and Yellow Bile Essay - 670 Words

1-29-12 Intro to Psychology Morgan Herda 1. Jack is a second-grade student. He seems to have no interest in learning, often daydreaming in class and frequently disrupting the class by throwing objects at other students. Describe how a biopsychosocial approach might provide both an integrated explanation of Jacks classroom behavior and practical suggestions for helping Jack to cope more effectively with the challenges he faces. Jack is in second grade and is having a hard time behaving in school. Such as not paying attention and disrupting the class. Those two factors seem to play into integrated biopsychosocial. Biopsychosocial has three different elements to it: biological, psychological, and social-cultural. These three†¦show more content†¦The survey will also hopefully let them figure something out about themselves. The last method of how psychologists observe and describe behavior is naturalistic observations. Psychologists use this in natural environments and can provide research and answer questions. Naturalistic observations do not explain behavior but describes it, according to our book. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case_study 3. The ancient Greek physician Hippocrates believed that four basic body fluids (blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm) influenced human behavior, emotions, and personality. Use your understanding of the bodys rapid and slow chemical communication systems to su pport or refute the general logic of Hippocrates theory. The ancient Green physician Hippocartes believed blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm, played a major role in human behavior, emotions, and personality. I don’t think blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm, have to do with anything controlling your human behavior, emotions, and personality. I believe your mood and what you are exactly going through that day make up why your human behavior, emotions, and personality are the way they are. Another reason why I don’t fully believe Hippocartes beliefs are because he had no actual proof of his reasoning. 4. Describe how an understanding of both a normally functioning brain and a split brain enables us to better appreciate the fact that most information processing takes place outside ofShow MoreRelatedExamination of Clinical Psychology1665 Words   |  7 PagesClinical psychology is a broad science that involves psychologists ensuring the mental well-being of a patient. Its focus is diagnosing, treating, and if possible, averting psychological disorders. The field of clinical psychology applies to every demographic from young children to the elderly, families or individuals, and one’s socioeconomic status is not a factor in whether he or she should receive treatment. Clinical psychology deals with a broad range of specialties, including individuals whoRead MoreThe Four Humors And Their Influence Through Time1430 Words   |  6 Pagesfilled with four basic substances, or humors, that when in balance indicate the person is healthy. If there was too little or too much of one of the four, a disease or disability would result. The four humors of Hippocratic medicine are black bile, yellow bile, blood, and phlegm. Before the humors were introduced, many people believed that the source of illness was punishment from the Gods. It wasn’t until after Hippocrates’ introduction to medicine that the field stepped away from religion and intoRead MoreHistorical Perspective of Abnormal Psychology1014 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Running head: ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY Historical Perspective of Abnormal Psychology [Students Name] [Name and Section no of Course] [Instructors Name] [Date] Introduction Abnormal psychology can be defined as the study of mental disorders. It includes the topics and problems that are very common in our daily lives. TV, newspapers, magazines and websites, frequently expose the cases of celebrities and famous personalities that suffer from drinking, eating or some other kind of mental disorderRead MoreAbnormal Human Behavior946 Words   |  4 PagesAccordingly, when it was time to pursue the course Abnormal psychology both as an undergraduate and graduate student, I was very anxious, intrigued, ecstatic and elated as I often consider it my most preferred psychology course. The study of Abnormal human behavior focuses on unusual patterns of thinking, emotions and behaviors that are generally associated with mental disorders and dates back to the Stone age period. Abnormal psychology, is described as the field that seeks to study the causes andRead MoreBiopsychosocial and Biomedical Model of Health1648 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior as a result of evil s pirit or demon possession.; by proposing that an imbalance of humors ( yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood) and that personality was determined on the basis of the levels of these 4 humors, where , if phlegm was the dominant humor the individual tends to be apathic, dominance of blood leads the person to be more cheerful, while yellow bile contributed to anger and black bile led to depressive behavior. During the middle ages with the growth and the emergence of theRead MoreBiopsychosocial and Biomedical Model of Health1636 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior as a result of evil spirit or demon possession.; by proposing that an imbalance of humors ( yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood) and that personality was determined on the basis of the levels of these 4 humors, where , if phlegm was the dominant humor the individual tends to be apathic, dominance of blood leads the person to be more cheerful, while yellow bile contributed to anger and black bile led to depressive behavior. During the middle ages with the growth and the emergence of the churchRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream1201 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept of humorism as described by Hippocrates suggested a balanced proportion of black bile, phlegm, yellow bile, and blood to maintain a healthy body (Fahey 5). In the Elizabethan age, medics incorporated the theory of the humors into psychology and associated a specific personality type with each humor. These four temperaments primarily connect melancholy to black bile, phlegmatic to phlegm, choleric to yellow bile, and sanguine to blood, and further attribute the temperaments to the four elementsRead MoreHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology1163 Words   |  5 PagesHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Abnormal Psychology PSY 410 January 30, 2012 Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology For many years, various forms of madness have been noted in every culture. Multitudes of theories, as well as some myths, have been developed to explain such conditions. Society’s opinion on what was considered abnormal was based on such phenomenon as paranormal forces, the anger of the gods, the influence of the moon, unstable personality, hereditaryRead MoreDepression And The Controversy Behind Depression967 Words   |  4 Pagespeople at risk for depression (Lahey 2012). According to Lahey, in 5th-century B.C.E., Hippocrates was the first to mention a biological theory. He believed that when a person’s body was out of balance of four particular elements (blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm), they will begin to act abnormally and develop a mental illness (Lahey 2012). Since then, it has been proven that Hippocrates’ theory is incorrect, however, he was on the right path. Evidence has been provided via linkage fineRead More A History of the Treatment of Insanity Essays881 Words   |  4 PagesHippocrates believed insanity to be rooted in a lack of balance within the body. More specifically, he argued that a balance of four body fluids (or the four humors) was the key to mental health. An excess or deficiency of blood, phlegm, black bile, or yellow bile could lead to psychopathology. Those trained in the Hippocratic tradition were instructed to treat the mentally ill with attempts designed to restore the balance of the bodily fluids. These treatments were called heroic because they were

Review Of The Quilt - 1097 Words

Lauren Jackson Prompt #2 â€Å"The Quilt† TA: 15 February 2015 Role of Sexuality in â€Å"The Quilt† In my opinion, we are all born with natural sex. But gender is a socio-cultural and man-made classification. Symons that is coined with the gender â€Å"male† is â€Å"strength†, â€Å"power† and â€Å"domination†. Words that are representative of the gender â€Å"female† are â€Å"pretty†, â€Å"delicate† and â€Å"submissive†. Gender divides human beings based on sex. Gender creates restrictions on women in a socio-cultural manner, for example, in marriage. These gender restrictions make women subordinate and voiceless. â€Å"The Quilt† explores a discourse of self-awareness in women’s identity. Through her story, I believe that Chughtai frankly exposes secular discrimination in a way that exposes gender and sexual conflicts. These conflicts arise due to patriarchy that nurtures off the gender roles that create a hierarchy for men and for suppressing women. In â€Å"T he Quilt† sexuality marks the main theme of identity. Within the lines of the â€Å"The Quilt†, I believe that Chughtai exposes the disconnect between the sexuality’s of Begum Jan and Nawab because of their genders. Chugthai raises the questions of marriage as a social and economic enterprise by stating, â€Å"despite renewing the cotton filling in her quilt each year Begum Jan continued to shiver night after night† (Chughtai). Begum Jan â€Å"shivers† at the thought of her sexual fantasies as a form of frustration with the state of loneliness in her marriage to Nawab. Begum JanShow MoreRelatedBiography Of Caryl Bryer Fallert Gentry : 40 Years Of Color, Light, And Motion823 Words   |  4 PagesThe curator, the artist herself, chose a wide range of pieces in her collection, arranging them by taking into account the size of the quilt versus the size of the hallway in which they would be displayed so that viewers would have room enough to fully view and enjoy the pieces without having to strain your neck or eyes in order to enjoy the works of art. No one quilt is less beautiful than the other, and Ms. Fallert-Gentry is quite accurate in her Artists Statement, found on  www.bryerpatch.com,  thatRead MoreComparison Between Community Quilts And The Quilt1638 Words   |  7 Pagescommunity quilts The quilt that was created to represent my community encompassed the people and things that are central to my life. As a recent transplant to Colorado, I have not developed a strong sense of community so I have become accustomed to my family supports that are located throughout United States. First I would like to explain some images and symbols in my quilt which will help with the comparison of the community quilt made for the Strive Smart Preparatory School. My quilt has the centralRead More The Meaning of Heritage in Alice Walkers Everyday Use Essay998 Words   |  4 Pagesthe knowledge the mother has about her family?s heritage is shown after Dee arrives home, and she is looking through a trunk at the foot of her mother?s bed. Dee pulls out two quilts and this is what the mother has to say about them: They had been pieced by Grandma Dee and then Big Dee and . . . hung them on the quilt frames on the front porch and quilted them. One was in the Lone Star pattern. The other was Walk Around the Mountain. In both of them were scraps of dresses Grandma Dee had wornRead MoreEveryday Use by Alice Walker: A Look at Symbolism and Family Values879 Words   |  4 PagesAlice Walkers â€Å"Everyday Use†, is a story about a family of African Americans that are faced with moral issues involving what true inheritance is and who deserves it. Two sisters and two hand stitched quilts become the center of focus for this short story. Walker paints for us the most vivid representation through a third person perspective of family values and how people from the same environment and upbringing can become different types of people. Like most peoples families there is a dynamicRead MoreEveryday Use Essay655 Words   |  3 PagesDee wanting a quilt that her Grandma Dee Had stitched together. This quilt means a lot to Dee, she likes the fact that her mom and Grandma had stitched these quilts together by their bare hands and not by some machine. Unfortunately the quilt had already been promised to her little sister Maggie. Dee does not think Maggie is deserving of the quilts. Dee thinks that due to Maggie ignorance of their heritage she will not be able to fully appreciate these quilts. Dee thinks these quilts are absolutelyRead MoreThe Disconnection By Alice Walker1722 Words   |  7 Pageseducation it was important because she wanted to be on a television show her success and how far she went. However Dee see’s her mother and Maggie differently as if they don’t know how to appreciate heritage as an art. For example when she wanted the quilts that were suppose to go to Maggie; Dee gets upset s he can not have them and her mother does not understand why she wants to put them on display. In this short story Alice Walker had published it in 1973. â€Å"This was in the heyday of the Black PowerRead More Alice Walker’s Short Story Everyday Use Essay905 Words   |  4 Pagesstory of two daughters’, Dee and Maggie Johnson, with different ideas about their identities and values. Dee a young woman who, in the course of a visit to the rural home she thinks she has outgrown, attempts unsuccessfully to divert some fine old quilts ,earmarked for the dowry of a sister, into her own hands. Dee is Mrs. Johnson’s oldest daughter, the one who has always been determined, popular, and successful. Maggie is her young sister who was severely burned in the house fire as a child. SheRead MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker1725 Words   |  7 Pagescommon with her mom and sister, who share the same values as each other, which creates distance between them. The differences in the sisters’ personalities are most obvious in the climax of the story. As Dee argues o ver why she should get the family quilts, Maggie responds, â€Å"‘She can have them Mama,’...like somebody used to never...having anything reserved for her†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Walker 321). This dialogue emphasizes that, despite being sisters, Maggie and Dee are foils. For the first time Maggie stands up for herselfRead More Essay on Appearance vs Reality in Everyday Use and The Gilded Six-Bits1200 Words   |  5 Pageshave the quilts when she was going off to school, but that Dee didnt think it was fashionable.   I didnt want to bring up how I had offered Dee (Wangero) a quilt when she went away to college.   Then she had told me they were old-fashioned, out of style (2527).   Now however, she has returned as one who now purports to know the value of the work of black women as holy patchers (Baker and Pierce-Baker 416).   She comes home to show them how well she understands her culture.   The quilts belong inRead MoreReview for Midterm I1634 Words   |  7 Page sCalifornia State University –Fullerton Econ 201- Review for Midterm I Dr. El Hag- Spring 2010 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____1.The slope of a line that passes through the points (10, 15) and (20, 7) is a. | -5/4. | b. | -4/5. | c. | 4/5. | d. | 5/4. | ____2.If Shawn can produce more donuts in one day than Sue can produce in one day, then a. | Shawn has a comparative advantage

Enternal nutrition in icu Essay Example For Students

Enternal nutrition in icu Essay Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in the Critical Care Setting Management of patient nutrition has long been a topic of controversy. Questing of timing, route of administration and composition of feeding solution constituents are several variables that share a lack of consensus. There is a 50% rate of malnutrition cited in hospitalized patients. Many states associated with critical care admissions have altered metabolic rates. Some examples of increased catabolism are multiple injury trauma, sepsis, organ failure (CHF, ARF, RF), and ventilator dependent status. It is important to assess for a history of such hyper- or altered metabolic states like Diabetes Melitus, Alcoholism, Renal Failure, and COPD. Over feeding is associated with: immunosuppression, hyperglycemia, liver dysfunction and refeeding syndrome. EnteralNo associated immune suppression, no associated infection complications, easier to maintain electrolyte balance. ParenteralImmune suppression (the converse is also true- malnutrition also causes immune suppression), fatty liver, potential for pneumothorax, line infections, loss of gut barrier, hyperosmolality, refeeding syndrome Feeding tubes great option, if the gut works, use it. Prealbumin (2-3 day t1/2) Transferrin (8-10 day t1/2) Albumin (14-20 day t1/2) Nitrogen balance studies can aid in the clinical picture of nutrition status although there is not any clinical evidence of their effect on morbidity and mortality BMI = (weight in kg) / (height in meters) MEE (measured energy expenditure) 104.67 146. 54 kj/kg can be used to estimate the avg. daily caloric requirement Mifflin-St Jeor formula REE = 9.99 x weight + 6.25 x height 4.92 x age + 166 x sex (males, 1; females, 0) 161. Simplification of this formula REE (males) = 10 x weight (kg) + 6. 25 x height (cm) 5 x age (y) + 5; REE (females) = 10 x weight (kg) + 6.25 x height (cm) 5 x age (y) 161. Harris-Benedict equation Males BEE (kcal) = 66.5 + 13.8 x weight (kg) + 5 x height (cm) 6.8 x age (yrs) Females Males BEE (kcal) = 655. 1 + 9.6 x weight (kg) + 1.8 x height (cm) 4.7 x age (yrs) Indirect calorimetry (metabolic cart) measures the CO2 produced and the O2 consumed. Also gives the RQ (respiratory quotient) a value 1 suggests carbohydrate oxidation and overfeeding. Specific Requirements in TPN Protein In the ICU a stressed patient can tolerate 1-1. 5 g/kg of protein per day at 4 kcal/g Carbohydrates Allocate 40-55% of total calories as Dextrose in TPN solution 3.4 kcal/g Lipids 0.5-1 g/kg per day or 20-30% of total calories per day at 9 kcal/g Fluids An estimate of fluid needs in TPN solution is 30 ml/kg to begin Renal Failure Vitamin D Alcoholism Thiamine, Folate, Niacin, B12 Liver Failure A, E, K Although research has not shown evidence for the use of BCAA (Branched chain amino acids their use in liver failure, and other protein intolerant states can be justified. References: Mifflin MD, St. Jeor ST, Hill LA, Scott BJ, Daugherty SA, Koh YO. A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990; 51:241 -247 Ireton-Jones Carol, Robbyn Kindle, Effects of Home Parenteral Nutrition on Resting Metabolic Rate: A Case Study. Nutrition in Clinical Practice , Vol. 19, No. 6, 637-639 Stone Sue MD, Nutritional Support of the Critically Ill and Injured Patient, Crit Care Clin 01-JAN-2004; 20(1): 135-57 ASPEN Board of Directors. Guidelines for use of parenteral and enteral nutrition in adult and pediatric patients. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2002;26(1 Suppl):1SA- 138SA .